CIA triad & common attacks
The CIA triad (confidentiality, integrity, availability) explained with network examples, plus the attacks IT support actually meets: phishing, spoofing, man-in-the-middle and denial of service.
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Security
CIA triad, firewalls, Zero Trust
Firewalls & ACLs
How packet filtering actually works: ACLs as stateless filters, what a stateful firewall tracks, default-deny policy, and where each belongs in a real network.
VPN basics
How VPNs work: tunneling explained, site-to-site vs remote-access VPNs, what a VPN protects against and what it does not, and where WireGuard and IPsec fit.
Zero Trust & segmentation
Why perimeter-only security fails, how segmentation limits lateral movement, and what Zero Trust actually changes: verify every request, regardless of network location.
Logging & monitoring
Why centralised logs beat device-by-device checking, syslog severities in practice, what to log and actually review, and how NTP time sync makes logs trustworthy.